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Buenos Aires Argentina Vacation Apartment Rentals Webring Colonial History of Argentina and Buenos AiresBuenos Aires was founded in 1536 in the current barrio (neighborhood) of La Boca. The center were the streets La Defensa and Humberto I. The city was given its name in honor of the patron saint of sailors, Virgin of Buen Ayre. At that point the so called city was a tiny hamlet of about 500 people. For most of the Colonial period, Buenos Aires remained out of the spotlight unlike the major port of Cartagena in Colombia or the gold mining towns of Peru and Bolivia. By the early 1800s the city's population grew to 7,500, but the city remained a quiet town outside most of the action. The city mainly survived by smuggling and illegal trade of the goods that did come in and out of it's port. The people of Buenos Aires came to be called portenos, or people of the port. The Independence of Argentina and Buenos Aires Argentina and Buenos Aires started to develop their own identity with the English invasions that started in 1806. The city was easily conquered by English general Beresford with only 1500 soldiers. But the victory was short lived because in a mere 6 weeks, Juan Martin Pueyrredon trained an army of 12,000 soldiers and reconquered Buenos Aires. The English persisted and sent another 8,500 soldiers in 1807. The English made a terrible decision of trying to capture the city without damaging it and so not using artillery in their attack. The English soldiers marched into the city only to be defeated by the inhabitants dropping stones and boiling water on the heads of the invaders. By freeing themselves from the rule of two world powers, the Argentine settlers created an identity for themselves. At the same time in Europe, Napoleon conquered Spain and Spanish colonies had no king to obey. As a result of these factors, portenos created and signed their declaration of independence on July 9th, 1816. Argentina became the first independent country in Latin America.
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